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📊 Your Lift Details
kg
The weight you lifted for multiple reps
Enter a valid weight (1–1000).
reps
Most accurate at 2–10 reps
Enter reps between 1 and 30.
Used for strength standard comparison
kg
For strength-to-weight ratio & standards
Estimated One Rep Max
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📋 All 7 Formula Results

⚠️ Disclaimer: 1RM calculations are estimates based on mathematical models and carry a ±2–10% margin depending on reps used and individual physiology. Do not attempt a true 1RM without an experienced spotter. These results are for training planning only and do not constitute professional coaching or medical advice.

Sources & Methodology

All 7 formulas sourced from original peer-reviewed publications. Average of all formulas weighted by validated accuracy per rep range.
📘
Epley, B. (1985). Poundage Chart. Boyd Epley Workout. University of Nebraska Lincoln.
Original publication of the Epley formula: 1RM = Weight × (1 + Reps/30). One of the most widely referenced 1RM prediction equations used by NCAA strength programs.
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Brzycki, M. (1993). Strength testing — predicting a one-rep max from reps-to-fatigue. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance.
Brzycki formula: 1RM = Weight × 36 / (37 − Reps). Research-validated as most accurate for sets of 2–10 reps, particularly for bench press and squat.
📚
National Strength & Conditioning Association (NSCA). Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning, 4th Edition.
NSCA standard reference for training percentage tables, strength standards, and 1RM testing protocols used by certified strength coaches worldwide.
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Ritti-Dias, R.M. et al. (2021). Validity of the predictive 1RM equations for the bench press exercise. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research.
Comparative meta-analysis of 1RM formulas validating accuracy ranges per rep count. Used to determine formula accuracy notes in our tool.
Methodology — 7 Formulas Used:
Epley: 1RM = W × (1 + R/30) Brzycki: 1RM = W × 36 / (37 - R) Lander: 1RM = (100 × W) / (101.3 - 2.67123 × R) Mayhew: 1RM = (100 × W) / (52.2 + 41.9 × e^(-0.055 × R)) O'Conner: 1RM = W × (1 + R/40) Lombardi: 1RM = W × R^0.10 Wathan: 1RM = (100 × W) / (48.8 + 53.8 × e^(-0.075 × R)) Displayed 1RM = average of all 7 formulas. For 1–3 reps: Epley & Brzycki are most accurate. For 4–10 reps: Lander & Mayhew perform best. For 10+ reps: all formulas carry ≥10% error.

Last reviewed: April 2026

One Rep Max Calculator — Everything You Need to Know

Your one rep max (1RM) is the single most important number in strength training. It is the maximum weight you can lift for exactly one complete repetition with proper form. Every training percentage, every progression scheme, every periodized program is built around your 1RM. Whether you are training for powerlifting competition, building muscle hypertrophy, or tracking your strength progression, knowing your 1RM — or a reliable estimate of it — is non-negotiable.

Our calculator goes beyond every competitor by running your input through all 7 peer-validated 1RM formulas simultaneously, giving you the most complete picture of your true maximum rather than relying on a single equation. The average of multiple formulas consistently outperforms any individual formula in accuracy.

Why 7 Formulas? The Competitor Gap

Most 1RM calculators online show 1–3 formulas. Research published in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (Ritti-Dias et al., 2021) shows that no single formula is most accurate across all rep ranges and all lifters. The Epley formula overestimates at low reps. Brzycki underestimates for sets above 10. Mayhew performs best for bench press specifically. Lander was validated specifically for the squat. Using an average of all validated formulas gives the most accurate, reliable 1RM estimate across all conditions.

Average 1RM = (Epley + Brzycki + Lander + Mayhew + O'Conner + Lombardi + Wathan) / 7
Example — 100 kg lifted for 5 reps:
Epley: 100 × (1 + 5/30) = 116.7 kg  |  Brzycki: 100 × 36/32 = 112.5 kg
Lander: (100 × 100)/(101.3 − 13.36) = 113.8 kg  |  Mayhew: 114.2 kg
Average: 114.1 kg (within 1–2% of actual 1RM for most trained athletes)

How to Use This Calculator for Maximum Accuracy

The accuracy of any 1RM estimate depends almost entirely on the number of reps used. Research is clear: 3–5 rep sets give the most accurate 1RM estimates (within 2–5% of actual). As reps increase, muscular endurance becomes a larger factor and formulas lose precision. Here is the accuracy guide:

Reps UsedAccuracy vs Actual 1RMRecommended Use
1–3 repsWithin 1–2%Most accurate for 1RM estimation
4–6 repsWithin 2–5%Best balance of safety & accuracy
7–10 repsWithin 5–8%Acceptable for general tracking
11–15 repsWithin 8–12%Use as rough estimate only
16+ reps>12% errorNot recommended for 1RM estimation

Strength Standards by Bodyweight (2026)

How does your 1RM compare to population norms? These standards, based on aggregated data from powerlifting federations and the NSCA, provide context for your current strength level. Standards are shown as multiples of bodyweight for the most common lifts.

LiftUntrainedBeginnerIntermediateAdvancedElite
Bench Press (M)0.50× BW0.75× BW1.25× BW1.75× BW2.25× BW
Bench Press (F)0.25× BW0.50× BW0.75× BW1.00× BW1.50× BW
Squat (M)0.75× BW1.25× BW1.50× BW2.00× BW2.75× BW
Squat (F)0.50× BW0.75× BW1.00× BW1.50× BW2.00× BW
Deadlift (M)1.00× BW1.50× BW2.00× BW2.50× BW3.00× BW
Deadlift (F)0.50× BW1.00× BW1.25× BW1.75× BW2.25× BW
OHP (M)0.35× BW0.55× BW0.80× BW1.00× BW1.30× BW

Percentage-Based Training — How to Use Your 1RM

Once you know your 1RM, every training session is programmed as a percentage of that number. This is the foundation of all evidence-based strength programming — from Starting Strength and 5/3/1 to conjugate periodization and daily undulating periodization (DUP). The table below shows the relationship between 1RM percentage, expected reps, and training goal:

% of 1RMReps PossibleTraining GoalRIR (Reps in Reserve)
100%1Maximal strength test0 RIR
95%2Maximal strength / peaking0–1 RIR
90%3–4Strength & neural drive1–2 RIR
85%5–6Strength & power1–2 RIR
80%6–8Strength-hypertrophy2–3 RIR
75%8–10Hypertrophy (optimal range)2–3 RIR
70%10–12Hypertrophy3 RIR
65%12–15Hypertrophy & endurance3–4 RIR
60%15–20Muscular endurance4+ RIR
50%20–30Endurance & warm-up5+ RIR

Popular Strength Programs and Their 1RM Percentages

Wendler 5/3/1: Uses 90% of your 1RM as training max. Week 1: 65/75/85% for 5/5/5+. Week 2: 70/80/90% for 3/3/3+. Week 3: 75/85/95% for 5/3/1+. This systematic progression is built entirely around your calculated 1RM.

Sheiko Programs: Volume-based powerlifting preparation using 55–85% of 1RM across high-frequency, high-volume sessions. Requires accurate 1RM for proper load prescription.

Daily Undulating Periodization (DUP): Rotates between hypertrophy (70–75%), strength (80–85%), and power (85–92%) sessions within the same week. All weights programmed from 1RM.

💡 Pro Tip — RPE vs Percentage: Modern programming increasingly uses RPE (Rate of Perceived Exertion) alongside percentages. An RPE of 8 = 2 reps left in the tank (approximately 80–85% of 1RM on a good day). Your actual percentage at a given RPE fluctuates daily based on sleep, nutrition, fatigue, and stress. Using both tools gives you more flexible, autoregulated programming.

Testing Your Actual 1RM Safely

If you need a true 1RM for competition or precise programming:

  1. Warm up with 50% of expected 1RM for 5 reps, then 70% for 3, then 85% for 1
  2. Attempt 92–95% of expected 1RM — this should feel like an 8–9 RPE
  3. If successful, rest 3–5 minutes and attempt 97–100% of expected 1RM
  4. Always use a spotter for bench press and overhead press
  5. Use safety bars / pins for squat and deadlift
  6. Stop if form breaks down — never compromise technique for a number
Frequently Asked Questions
No single formula is most accurate across all rep ranges. Research (Ritti-Dias et al., 2021) shows Brzycki performs best for 2–10 reps, Epley works well for higher reps, and Mayhew is specifically validated for bench press. Our calculator uses all 7 formulas and averages the results, which consistently outperforms any single formula. For reps of 3–5, average error is typically 2–5% from actual 1RM.
The simplest formula is Epley: 1RM = Weight × (1 + Reps/30). Example: 100 kg for 5 reps gives 1RM = 100 × 1.167 = 116.7 kg. Brzycki: 1RM = Weight × 36 / (37 − Reps) = 100 × 36/32 = 112.5 kg. Our calculator runs all 7 formulas simultaneously and provides the average for maximum accuracy. Just enter your weight and reps above.
Accuracy is highest with 3–5 rep sets (within 2–5% of actual 1RM) and decreases as reps increase. Above 10 reps, error commonly exceeds 10% because muscular endurance becomes a greater factor than maximal strength. For regular training without the injury risk of true 1RM testing, using a 3–5RM set to calculate your 1RM is the standard recommendation from the NSCA.
Training percentage depends on your goal. Strength (1–5 reps): 85–100%. Strength-hypertrophy (5–8 reps): 75–85%. Hypertrophy (8–12 reps): 65–75%. Muscular endurance (12–20 reps): 50–65%. A 2017 meta-analysis in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research found 70–85% of 1RM optimal for hypertrophy, with diminishing returns above and below this range for most compound lifts.
Strength standards for bench press at 165 lbs (75 kg) bodyweight: untrained male = 75 lbs, beginner = 135 lbs, intermediate = 185 lbs, advanced = 250 lbs, elite = 300+ lbs. For women at 132 lbs: untrained = 45 lbs, beginner = 65 lbs, intermediate = 95 lbs, advanced = 135 lbs, elite = 175+ lbs. Enter your bodyweight in our calculator above to see your strength-to-weight ratio automatically.
For most athletes, using a 3–5 rep max and a calculator is safer and nearly as accurate. True 1RM testing carries higher injury risk, especially for bench press and squat, and requires 3–5 days of full recovery. NSCA guidelines recommend calculator estimates for regular training tracking and reserve true 1RM testing for competition preparation phases only.
The Epley formula: 1RM = Weight × (1 + Reps/30). Developed by Boyd Epley at the University of Nebraska in 1985, it is the most widely used 1RM formula in the world. Example: 80 kg for 6 reps = 80 × 1.2 = 96 kg. The formula tends to slightly overestimate at low reps (1–3) and underestimate at high reps (10+). For 4–8 rep sets, Epley is highly accurate.
Brzycki formula: 1RM = Weight × 36 / (37 − Reps). It gives slightly lower estimates than Epley, especially for higher rep sets. For 5 reps at 100 kg: Epley = 116.7 kg, Brzycki = 112.5 kg. Research validates Brzycki as most accurate for 2–10 reps in compound lifts. Above 10 reps, both formulas lose precision. Most coaches recommend averaging Epley and Brzycki for the most reliable estimate in the 3–8 rep range.
Recalculate your 1RM estimate every 4–6 weeks by performing a 3–5 rep near-maximum set. True 1RM testing every 3–6 months is appropriate for competitive powerlifters. Testing more frequently disrupts training progression because maximal efforts require significant recovery time. Using our calculator with a fresh 3RM or 5RM every 4–6 weeks provides sufficient accuracy for programming updates without the fatigue cost of true max testing.
Your 1RM is the maximum weight for one rep with full form. Your working weight is the training load for a given session, expressed as a percentage of 1RM. For example, 80 kg 1RM bench press: the working weight for a hypertrophy day might be 60 kg (75%). Working weight changes by training phase — peaking phases use 85–95% of 1RM while volume phases use 65–75%. Our percentage table above shows exact working weights for your calculated 1RM.
Bodyweight does not affect the 1RM formula — only lifted weight and reps matter. However, bodyweight is essential for evaluating strength quality. A 1.5× bodyweight bench press is considered intermediate for men regardless of bodyweight. This is why powerlifting uses the Wilks coefficient (and now DOTS score) to fairly compare lifters across weight classes. Enter your bodyweight in our calculator to see your strength-to-weight ratio automatically.
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