| Day | Clock In | Clock Out | Break (min) | Hours |
|---|
Hourly Rate
$
OT Threshold
Total Hours Worked
—
⚠️ Disclaimer: Gross pay estimates are based on the hours and rate entered. Actual take-home pay will differ after taxes, benefits deductions, and employer-specific payroll rules. Verify totals with your employer's official payroll system.
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Sources & Methodology
Overtime rules and pay calculations verified against FLSA (Fair Labor Standards Act) federal regulations and US Department of Labor guidance.
US Department of Labor — Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
Primary source for overtime threshold (40 hours/week), overtime rate (1.5x), and employer recordkeeping requirements
US DOL — Overtime Pay Rules and Guidance
Federal overtime pay rules including salary threshold for exempt employees and calculation methods for non-exempt workers
Bureau of Labor Statistics — Hours Worked Data
Reference for average weekly work hours by industry used for context in the educational content below
Methodology: For each day, paid hours = (clock-out − clock-in in minutes − break minutes) ÷ 60. Overnight shifts are handled by adding 24 hours to the clock-out time when it precedes the clock-in. Total weekly hours = sum of all daily paid hours. Regular hours = min(total hours, overtime threshold). Overtime hours = max(0, total hours − threshold). Gross Pay = (Regular Hours × Rate) + (Overtime Hours × Rate × 1.5). Days with no clock-in or clock-out are skipped.
⏱ Last reviewed: April 2026
How to Calculate Work Hours and Pay from a Time Card
A time clock calculator converts clock-in and clock-out times into total hours worked and estimated pay. Whether you're a freelancer tracking billable hours, an hourly employee verifying your paycheck, or a small business owner running payroll, getting the math right prevents costly errors and disputes.
Work Hours Formulas
Daily Hours = (Clock-Out − Clock-In) − Break Minutes ÷ 60
Example: In 9:00 AM, Out 5:30 PM, 30 min break: (8.5 hours) − (0.5 hours) = 8.0 hours paid
Regular Pay = min(Total Hrs, 40) × Hourly Rate
Example: 44 hours at $18/hr: 40 × $18 = $720 regular pay
Overtime Pay = max(0, Total Hrs − 40) × Rate × 1.5
Example: 4 overtime hours at $18/hr: 4 × $18 × 1.5 = $108 overtime pay. Total gross: $828
Converting Time to Decimal Hours for Payroll
Payroll systems work in decimal hours, not hours:minutes. To convert, divide the minutes by 60. Common conversions:
| Time Format | Decimal Hours | Calculation |
|---|---|---|
| 7 hrs 15 min | 7.25 | 15 ÷ 60 = 0.25 |
| 7 hrs 30 min | 7.50 | 30 ÷ 60 = 0.50 |
| 7 hrs 45 min | 7.75 | 45 ÷ 60 = 0.75 |
| 8 hrs 20 min | 8.33 | 20 ÷ 60 = 0.333 |
| 9 hrs 48 min | 9.80 | 48 ÷ 60 = 0.80 |
Federal Overtime Rules Under the FLSA
The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) requires employers to pay non-exempt employees 1.5 times their regular rate for all hours worked beyond 40 in a workweek. A "workweek" is a fixed and regularly recurring period of 168 hours — seven consecutive 24-hour periods. The workweek can start on any day of the week as long as it is consistent.
Exempt employees — typically salaried white-collar workers earning above $684 per week (as of 2026) who meet specific duties tests — are not entitled to overtime pay. Misclassifying employees as exempt is one of the most common wage violations and can result in significant back-pay liability for employers.
State Overtime Laws
Several states have overtime rules stricter than federal law. California requires overtime pay for hours beyond 8 in a single workday, plus double time beyond 12 hours in a day and on the seventh consecutive day. Alaska, Nevada, and some other states also have daily overtime provisions. Always check your state's Department of Labor for the rules that apply to your specific situation.
💡 Paycheck Check Tip: To verify your paycheck, enter your week's clock-in/out times and hourly rate. Compare the gross pay shown here to your pay stub. Discrepancies of more than a few cents (due to rounding) are worth discussing with your payroll department or HR.
Frequently Asked Questions
Subtract the clock-in time from the clock-out time for each day to get daily hours, then subtract any unpaid break minutes and sum the days. For example, 9:00 AM in and 5:30 PM out with a 30-minute lunch = 8.0 hours. This calculator does all of this automatically for up to 7 days and shows each day's hours individually.
Under US federal law (FLSA), overtime is any time worked beyond 40 hours in a workweek, paid at 1.5 times the regular rate. For example, 44 hours at $18/hr: 40 regular hours × $18 = $720, plus 4 overtime hours × $27 = $108, totaling $828 gross. Some states like California also require daily overtime beyond 8 hours per day.
Divide minutes by 60 to get the decimal fraction. 15 minutes = 0.25 hours, 30 minutes = 0.50, 45 minutes = 0.75. So 7 hours 45 minutes = 7.75 decimal hours. This calculator automatically converts all time inputs to decimal hours for accurate pay calculations.
Gross Pay = (Regular Hours × Hourly Rate) + (Overtime Hours × Rate × 1.5). Regular hours are all hours up to the overtime threshold (typically 40/week). Overtime hours are all hours above the threshold. Enter your hourly rate in this calculator to get the gross pay estimate automatically alongside total hours.
Gross pay is total earnings before any deductions. Net pay (take-home pay) is what remains after federal and state income taxes, Social Security (6.2%), Medicare (1.45%), and voluntary deductions like 401k and health insurance are subtracted. This calculator shows gross pay only — your actual take-home pay will be lower based on your tax bracket and deductions.
Enter the number of unpaid break minutes in the Break (min) field for each day. The calculator subtracts these from the gross time between clock-in and clock-out. For example, 9:00 AM to 5:30 PM with a 30-minute unpaid lunch = 8.0 paid hours rather than 8.5. Paid breaks (like a 10-minute rest break) do not get deducted and should not be entered here.
The 7-minute rule is a common payroll rounding practice rounding to the nearest quarter-hour. Minutes 1-7 past a quarter-hour round down; minutes 8-14 round up. For example, clocking in at 8:07 rounds to 8:00 while 8:08 rounds to 8:15. This calculator shows exact times without rounding — if your employer rounds, adjust the times accordingly.
Full-time employment in the US is generally 35 to 40 hours per week. The FLSA does not define full-time, but 40 hours is the standard and the federal overtime threshold. The Affordable Care Act defines 30 hours per week as full-time for healthcare benefit eligibility purposes. Many employers define full-time as 37.5 or 40 hours depending on their policies.
This calculator computes one week's hours and pay. For biweekly, multiply weekly gross by 2. For semi-monthly, use 2.167 weeks per period (52 weeks ÷ 24 pay periods). For monthly, multiply by 4.33. For annual estimation, multiply weekly gross by 52. All figures are gross before taxes and deductions.
When a shift starts before midnight and ends after, this calculator automatically detects it when the clock-out time is earlier than the clock-in time and adds 24 hours to the end time before calculating. For example, clocking in at 10:00 PM and out at 6:00 AM is calculated as 8 hours automatically. No special entry is needed.
The FLSA requires employers to keep accurate time records for non-exempt employees for at least 3 years. Employees should keep personal records of daily start times, end times, and break durations. Screenshots or exports of time card calculations provide useful verification records. If there is a pay dispute, your own records are important evidence.
Salaried non-exempt employees are entitled to overtime. Their hourly rate is their weekly salary divided by hours worked. Salaried exempt employees (earning above ~$684/week and meeting duties tests) are not entitled to overtime under the FLSA. Misclassifying non-exempt workers as exempt is a common wage violation — consult the DOL or an employment attorney if you have concerns.
California requires 1.5x pay for hours beyond 8 in a single workday (not just 40 per week). Hours beyond 12 in a day are paid at 2x the regular rate. The first 8 hours on the 7th consecutive workday are at 1.5x, and all hours beyond 8 on that day are at 2x. This is significantly stricter than federal FLSA rules, which only require weekly overtime.
This calculator provides a reliable estimate of gross pay based on the times and rate you enter. For official payroll, verify totals against your employer's payroll system, which incorporates local tax withholding, benefits deductions, garnishments, and precise rounding rules specific to their system. Use this calculator to self-check your time records and spot potential errors before payday.
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